The Aran Sweater in Film and Television: A 60-Year Retrospective

Introduction

The Aran sweater, an iconic piece of Irish knitwear, has long been a symbol of heritage, tradition, and rugged beauty. Originating from the Aran Islands off the west coast of Ireland, this intricately designed woolen sweater has transcended its utilitarian roots to become a staple in fashion and pop culture. Over the past 60 years, the Aran sweater has been prominently featured in films and television, often signifying characters with a deep connection to nature, tradition, or a brooding, romanticized Irish identity. This essay explores the various ways in which the Aran sweater has been utilized in cinematic and television history, highlighting key examples that showcase its cultural significance.

The Aran Sweater in Classic Cinema

The Quiet Man (1952)

Although slightly predating the 60-year frame, John Ford’s The Quiet Man deserves mention for popularizing the Irish aesthetic in Hollywood. John Wayne and Maureen O’Hara’s romantic drama introduced international audiences to traditional Irish clothing, including variations of the Aran sweater. Its influence set the stage for future uses of the garment in cinema.

Ryan’s Daughter (1970)

David Lean’s epic romantic drama Ryan’s Daughter, set in a remote Irish village during World War I, features numerous characters wearing Aran sweaters. The garment visually reinforced the film’s themes of isolation, rugged landscapes, and traditional Irish life. Robert Mitchum’s subdued portrayal of a schoolteacher contrasts with the passionate Rosy (Sarah Miles), with the knitwear subtly contributing to his character’s restrained demeanor.

Jaws (1975)

One of the most famous instances of an Aran sweater in film history is its appearance on Matt Hooper, played by Richard Dreyfuss, in Jaws. The off-white cable-knit sweater he wears while investigating the shark’s attack is a striking example of how the garment was adapted to American cinema. It serves as a symbol of his intellectual, maritime-exploring character, blending academia with a rugged aesthetic that aligns well with the coastal setting.

The Aran Sweater in 1980s and 1990s Cinema

The Bounty (1984)

This historical drama starring Mel Gibson and Anthony Hopkins tells the infamous story of the mutiny on the HMS Bounty. Given the film’s setting in the late 18th century, the costuming includes various woolen garments, with the Aran sweater subtly incorporated to emphasize the seafaring, weathered look of some characters.

Waking Ned Devine (1998)

This Irish comedy about a small village conspiring to claim a deceased man's lottery winnings utilizes the Aran sweater as a visual shorthand for rural Irish life. Characters don the sweater to evoke authenticity, warmth, and nostalgia, reinforcing the traditional setting and themes of camaraderie and community.

The Aran Sweater in Contemporary Film

The Departed (2006)

While The Departed is primarily set in Boston, which has a strong Irish-American presence, its costume design subtly includes Aran sweaters on some characters, particularly in background scenes. This choice reinforces the Irish heritage of many of the film’s characters, even in a modern, crime-driven setting.

The Lovely Bones (2009)

Saoirse Ronan’s character wears an Aran sweater in The Lovely Bones, using the garment to evoke a sense of innocence and warmth. The knitwear adds a touch of sentimentality, linking her character to familial bonds and the notion of home.

Knives Out (2019)

Chris Evans’ iconic cream-colored Aran sweater in Knives Out became an instant pop culture sensation. The sweater's role in the film went beyond mere aesthetics—it reinforced the character’s privileged yet rugged appeal, subverting expectations of wealth by aligning him with a more down-to-earth, tactile texture. Following the film’s release, there was a surge in demand for Aran sweaters, showcasing their enduring appeal in fashion and cinema.

The Aran Sweater in Television

Father Ted (1995–1998)

This beloved Irish sitcom frequently features Aran sweaters, particularly on Father Dougal, the naïve and childlike priest. The sweater serves as a visual cue for his innocence and connection to a simpler, more traditional Ireland.

The Killing (2011–2014)

While this Danish crime series does not take place in Ireland, its protagonist, Sarah Lund (played by Sofie Gråbøl), is famous for her wool sweaters, which resemble the Aran style. The popularity of her wardrobe choices led to an increased demand for cable-knit sweaters worldwide.

Peaky Blinders (2013–2022)

Set in post-World War I Birmingham, Peaky Blinders incorporates Aran sweaters in subtle ways, especially for characters involved in maritime industries. The knitwear adds to the working-class aesthetic of the show, emphasizing durability and functionality.

Outlander (2014–present)

The historical drama Outlander features characters wearing Aran-style sweaters, particularly in episodes set in Scotland and early colonial America. The garment’s rugged appearance aligns well with the series’ themes of survival and tradition.

The Cultural Impact of the Aran Sweater in Media

The presence of the Aran sweater in film and television has contributed to its status as an enduring fashion staple. It symbolizes:

• Heritage and Authenticity: Whether in Irish films like Waking Ned Devine or Hollywood blockbusters like Knives Out, the sweater conveys tradition and cultural depth.

• Masculinity and Ruggedness: From Richard Dreyfuss in Jaws to Chris Evans in Knives Out, the Aran sweater is often associated with strong, yet introspective male characters.

• Nostalgia and Sentimentality: Characters in films like The Lovely Bones wear the sweater to evoke warmth and familial connections.

• Functionality and Resilience: In shows like Peaky Blinders and Outlander, the Aran sweater represents practicality and durability, essential qualities for survival in harsh environments.

Conclusion

The Aran sweater’s presence in film and television over the past 60 years has cemented its place in cultural history. From its traditional roots in Irish cinema to its adoption by Hollywood, the sweater continues to serve as a symbol of rugged charm, heritage, and authenticity. Whether worn by fishermen, intellectuals, or antiheroes, the Aran sweater remains a timeless garment that bridges tradition with modern storytelling. As fashion trends evolve, it is likely that this iconic piece of knitwear will continue to find its place on screens both big and small for years to come.